Bright, irregularly shaped carpet - CANGACO

Philosophy of Nodus

Our philosophy of creating this exclusive handcrafted collection can be summarized by quoting Francois-Henri Pinault: “Luxury is the meeting between a vision of the future that surprises and an understanding of the past that provides reassurance.”

In this way, we have created and designed this collection of exceptional pieces.

The project will surprise you, and you will be delighted by the highest quality.

What we offer our Clients:

High-quality fabrics, handcrafted by the best Producers worldwide.

Excellent design, as each piece is designed by renowned architects and designers who distinguish the collection and make it recognizable and prestigious.

Innovation: we have combined the traditions of the finest craftsmanship with projects that are not only aesthetic but also artistic and avant-garde, encouraging us to experiment and give new meaning to the work itself.

Exceptional service: virtually every rug is produced based on the Client’s personalization. No stock of standard-sized rugs, but unique fabrics produced to fully meet the client’s requirements. Each product is made to order, indeed custom-made.

Finally, and just as importantly, we place great emphasis on fair trade. We do not and will not employ children. However, we ensure that talented artisans receive fair and proper compensation.

On the contrary, we want to support them and help their development through collaboration and mutual respect.

Luxury Handwoven Rugs

Luxury handwoven rugs are not just home decor elements; they have truly become a symbol of luxury. Add a cozy touch to your home with attractive, luxurious handwoven rugs that give your space a traditional look. Enrich your home with a unique character. At Nodusrug, you will find rugs in various styles, patterns, and designs that reflect your distinctive personality.

Give your feet a warm touch with luxurious, handcrafted rugs that complement your home’s appearance. Cover imperfections while enhancing the aesthetic appeal of your space.

Luxury handwoven rugs not only make your floor look clean or protected but also make walking and sitting more comfortable for you and your guests. Decorate your floor with luxurious accessories and add more color and shine to your home in style. This season, give your space a luxurious makeover!

Nodus Project

Nodus is a craft workshop with a cultural mission: the oldest traditions and knowledge in rug design are reinterpreted using the vision of the most innovative Designers and Architects, producing exclusively unique works, promoted through events and publications to spread knowledge about new shapes and forms of art that have accompanied humanity since ancient times.

Craftsmanship: Nodus selected the best producers from six countries (Nepal, Pakistan, India, Turkmenistan, China, and Turkey), visiting each one to verify materials, techniques, artisans, and ethical production.

Each Nodus rug will be a one-of-a-kind piece, entirely handmade, including the packaging.

The result is a collection of 60 rugs that sets a new horizon of shapes and colors, a collection that breaks boundaries and goes beyond reason.

The spirit of the rugs is captured in dynamic and organic forms, such as puzzle assembly, irregular profiles, or inspiration from contemporary and everyday products like textiles, tablecloths, books, and maps.

All rules are broken, except one: Hand-knotting, knot by knot.

Whether you are purchasing or simply appreciating the quality of Nodus products, you can be assured that the rug was produced with the utmost respect, primarily respecting human rights and the right to good working conditions and fair wages.

The guarantee comes from Rugmark, an international foundation that has been working for 14 years to end child labor and rigorously monitors the production process every three months.

Raw material

Wool

Wool is certainly the most commonly used material for handmade woven products. The ability to choose and work with it is very important because the quality of the yarn strongly influences the softness and durability of the rug, as well as determines the brightness of colors and patterns. It is always better to use wool that is not too twisted, as otherwise it often requires treatment with artificial substances, which can alter its resilience.

Additionally, it is important that shearing is carried out at a specific time of year, preferably in spring or late summer.

After shearing, the wool undergoes a washing process, which is necessary to remove any impurities and degrease it.

The most experienced artisans know that this treatment does not have to be too harsh, because the appropriate fat content makes the yarn particularly soft. After washing, the wool is carefully dried, probably in the sun, then teased and spun. In modern processes, this operation is often performed mechanically.

However, hand spinning is always the best, as it allows for the elimination of any fiber irregularities, making it very dense and suitable for all types of weaving.

Silk

Silk, an animal fiber produced from silkworm cocoons, is an extremely costly and luxurious material for textile and rug production. The cultivation of silk began in ancient China, where it was jealously guarded as a secret.

Eventually, its use spread to Persia, then to Byzantium and Europe.

Regardless of the cost, rugs with silk pile, even those with a silk backing, are not uncommon, although they are high-quality items in the tradition of court art.

Extremely luxurious nomadic fabrics will also feature silk hair. The appeal of silk lies in the delicacy of its fibers, which are incredibly soft, as well as in its luminous, reflective quality.

For this reason, the color effect on silk is much more intense and shiny than the effect of the same dye even on the best wool.

However, silk is much more delicate and less durable than wool.

As a result, many silk rugs are well preserved. This rarity, along with the basic cost, places antique silk pieces among the most expensive rugs.

Hemp

Hemp fibers are obtained through a series of operations on the stalks—including retting, drying, and crushing—and a shaking process that ends with separating the woody part, releasing long, fairly straight fibers or filaments.

Strips of fibers, usually over 1.8 meters long, consist of single cylindrical cells with an irregular surface. The fiber, longer and less elastic than flax, is usually yellowish, greenish, dark brown, or gray, and since it is not easily lightened to sufficiently bright shades, it is rarely dyed. It is strong and durable, used for cordage—such as twine, yarn, rope, and cords—as well as for artificial sponges and thick materials like sacks (canvas) and fabric. In Italy, some hemp undergoes special processing to achieve a whitish color and attractive shine, and is used for producing linen-like fabrics. Other plant fibers used for making ropes have been incorrectly called hemp, but only the hemp plant produces true hemp.

Flax (linen)

Flax is one of the oldest textile fibers and is valued for its strength, shine, durability, and moisture absorption.

It is resistant to microorganism attack, and its smooth surface repels dirt. It is stronger than cotton, dries faster, and is less affected by sunlight.

It can be bleached to pure white, but dyeing is somewhat difficult because the fibers are not easily penetrated. Fine varieties of flax are used for fabrics and lace in clothing and home furnishings.

Lower grades are used for products requiring strength and resistance to moisture—such as canvas, twine, fire hoses, sacks, and, of course, rugs and carpets.

Banana silk (abaca)

The outer layer containing fibers is usually removed from the stalk as a result of a process in which strips or smoking are released from one end and pulled away.

Following this cleaning operation, the pulp is scraped off manually or mechanically, releasing fiber strands that are dried in the sun. The strands typically range from 1 to 3 meters in length, depending on the size of the leaf stalks and the processing method used.

The shiny fiber ranges in color from white to brown, red, purple, or black, depending on the plant variety and the location of the stem; the strongest fibers come from the outer layers.

Abaca fiber is valued for its exceptional strength, elasticity, and durability, which is why it is used in carpets, table mats, and paper.

Inner plant fibers can be used without spinning to produce lightweight, strong fabrics, mainly for local clothing, hats, and shoes.

Production dyes

Despite the widespread use of synthetic dyes, the most prestigious manufacturers still rely on natural dyes, extracted and prepared according to very ancient methods.

However, by the late 19th century, the use of synthetic dyes expanded the chromatic range. Today, the best producers employ both techniques.

Tools

The loom is the most commonly used tool for creating details of various sizes. It has a sturdy and stable construction, made up of two side posts and two end beams.

The upper warp separates the warp yarns on appropriate pegs attached to the posts, while the lower passes through the warp.

There are also other auxiliary tools, mainly necessary during the tying phase, such as characteristic blades with hook-shaped edges. They are useful for cutting knots.

The comb is used for securing and closing the knots; this phase of work is performed with absolute precision.

After finishing, thorough shaving is necessary, which is still carried out by skilled shearers proficient in scissors and sharp blades.

Carpet Structure

Warp

In the carpet structure, the warp forms the supporting part of the framework, a kind of skeleton that must be made with absolute accuracy to avoid defects in the final product, such as bulges and distortions.

The best materials to use are undoubtedly silk and cotton, which are very durable and ensure high fabric strength. To create the warp, the yarns are stretched on a beam at equal distances; each forms a chain that, upon completion, appears as individual threads on the fringes. A valuable carpet always has a large number of warp chains.

Weft

The weft thread passes through the warp, and this structure is also useful for tying knots.

When work is finished, it should be inconspicuous, so it is better to hide it under a higher layer of fiber.

The weft thread can be made from wool or cotton; silk is also an excellent material but is usually used for producing valuable items due to its high cost.

Fringes

Fringes are the visible part of the warp chains and are obviously subject to wear.

Their yarns can be woven in various ways depending on the country of production; therefore, they sometimes serve as an excellent clue to discovering the place of origin.

Fleece

Fleece consists of cut loops from knots and is obtained during the shearing phase.

It is extremely important to accurately display patterns. Uneven or overly long cutting can actually threaten the clarity of the decorative structure.

Knots

Symmetrical knot (Ghiorde)

The symmetrical knot is used in Turkey, the Caucasus, and Iran by Turkish and Kurdish tribes.

It is also used in some European carpets. To create this knot, the yarn is passed through two adjacent warp strands.

Each end of the yarn is then wrapped around one warp and brought back to the surface between the two warps.

Asymmetrical knot (Persian or Senneh)

The asymmetrical knot is used in Iran, India, Turkey, Egypt, and China.

To create this knot, the yarn is wrapped around one warp thread, then passed under the adjacent warp thread and brought back to the surface. This type of knot can produce a finer weave.

Tibetan knot

In Tibet, a characteristic rug weaving technique is used.

A temporary rod is placed in front of the warp to set the pile length.

Continuous yarn is wrapped around two warps, then once around the rod.

When a row of loops is complete, the loops are cut to form knots.

Slits

Slits correspond to the hem along the edge, where there are no fringes, and consist of warp chains where knots are not tied.

Natural dyes

The craft of creating natural dyes is a fascinating and ancient art that dates back over four thousand years. Before the 20th century, traditional dyeing based on pigments was produced according to recipes passed down through generations.

One of the most important dyes was madder, which grows wild throughout the Middle East and serves as the basis for various shades of red, pink, and purple.

Madder plant

The next bluish-red dye comes from cochineal and kermes insects, which live in the shade of oak trees.

Saffron

Wild saffron dyes a red-yellow color, while cultivated saffron produces a pure yellow. Lighter yellow comes from the roots of turmeric, while the greenish-yellow dye is provided by the berry bush mushroom.

Indigo

This is the most valued color of all, derived from soaking and fermenting the indigo plant. Indigo color ranges between blue and purple. The name comes from India, where the plant was first used commercially. The bluish hue of the plant is the origin of the English word “dungarees,” named after the Indian city Dungaree, where indigo was used to dye American miners’ blue jeans from 1848.

Nuts

Dark brown dyes usually come from walnut shells soaked in iron oxide and are the only ones containing mineral fixatives or mordants.

In many villages, there lived a Master of Dyeing who produced a very special color. The master proudly wore his color sprayed on his clothes, and his shoulders were permanently dyed. The dyer passed his valuable recipe to his son or a male heir. If there was no trusted male successor, the recipe often was lost forever.

Below is a recipe that has long been used by one of Pakistan’s most trusted suppliers:

The wool dyeing process using Natural Herbal Dye, used for producing handmade wool yarns dyed with plants, hand-spun.

The most common plants found in jungles, cultivated areas, or hilly regions include:

1. Henna leaves.

2. Dried tobacco leaves.

3. Wicker

4. Saffron

5. Green walnut

6. Butea leaf

7. Margosa leaf

8. Pomegranate husk

9. Indigo powder

10. Tea leaf.

Currently, in Pakistan, hand-spun natural herbal dyes from plant-based dyes (sheep wool yarns like Ghznavi) are used for weaving handmade Zeigler (Chobi) rugs.

This special herbal dyeing technique was introduced in Pakistan by Turkish and Afghan rug weavers who migrated during the Soviet invasion from cities such as Kabul, Akcha, Mazar-e-Sharif, Hazar, Shaberghan, Andkhoi, and Kunduz.

Over 200,000 refugees (both men and women) were skilled rug weavers and settled mainly in refugee camps in Pakistan (Serhad province near Peshawar, Attock, Sawabi, Cheerat, and Jaluzai).

These residents of Ayrii and Turks learned and introduced the unique herbal plant dyes into Pakistan for wool yarns, to dye Gerdezi rugs with Turkish knots in Chobi (Zeigler) using hand-held flat-bed looms, which have become popular worldwide.

In fact, over 3,300 years ago, ancient Egyptians also used these herbal plant colors in their wall paintings, ceramics, tombs, and pyramids of pharaohs.

The most commonly used shades were green, indigo-blue, yellow, and red with an unknown waterproof natural lacquer based on glue (annamil / leminated coatings). These colors are eternal and still preserved.

This herbal dyeing process was and remains natural, non-chemical, hypoallergenic, and non-acidic. This system was used before the adoption of Aniline (synthetic), which was introduced in the mid-19th century (1850s–1870s).

Analytical dyes are artificial, warmer, brighter, and remain unchanged even after washing at 65°C. The colors do not run or fade. However, herbal botanical dyes appear slightly lighter, softer, and somewhat faded, giving a natural look.

They are completely environmentally friendly.

The richness of colors allows for stunning decorative effects through contrast and harmony of shades. The dye recipes, both plant-based and animal-based, have been passed down from century to century.

Today, these same processes are used in Turkey, Turkmenistan, Iran, Afghanistan, and recently in Pakistan, still following traditional nomadic formulas from the past.

There is a special technique of dyeing using minerals and vegetables.

Each strand of hand-spun sheep wool yarn is dipped into a mixture of raw ground powder, creating herbal dyes, then collected, naturally dried, and finally exposed to hot sunlight.

Sometimes, two to four colors are mixed to produce a new shade, e.g., mixing yellow, blue, orange, and olive results in a leaf green hue. After washing, all these combined colors are slightly visible, giving an elegant cool tone.

In summary, natural dyes, when properly used, undoubtedly produce the best effects, e.g., when a hand-woven rug becomes a beautiful home decoration.

Below are the leaves, roots, and bark from various trees and plants used to produce "PLANT DYES".

Organic dyes and obtainable colors:

Sources: natural dyes from parts of plants.

- Vegetables and fruit shells.

- Roots and leaves.

- Flowers.

- Bark and berries.

RED GROUP:

(1) Madder Plant .......... for a bright shade ........... RED (for Zeigler / Chobi / Linen / Silk Dyes rugs)

(2) Cochineal .................................................. ......

YELLOW GROUP:

(3) Saffron ........................................... .................... YELLOW (for cotton, wool, denim fabrics)

(4) Willow / Birch leaves ........... .............................. YELLOW

(5) Zarik ............... .................................................. .. Dark yellow

(6) Turmeric .......................................... .................. Light yellow

(7) Tobacco .......................... .................................. Light yellow, creamy, golden yellow

BROWN GROUP:

(8) Black wood .................................................. .... Dark brown

(9) Wood logs for fur, silk, wool ………………… .. Dark brown and black

(10) Walnut shell ............................................. ....... Light brown

(11) Cassia (purifying) .................................... ............. Chocolate,

Black charcoal (12) Tea leaves (Black / Green) ....................... ..... Gray, light brown

GREEN GROUP:

(13) Henna leaves (for hair, skin) …………… .. Yellowish / Olive green

(14) Lusern grass ........... ........................................... Pastel green

(15) Royan .................................................. .............. Dark orange

BEIGE GROUP:

(16) Mustard seeds .......................... ........................ Light cream, beige

(17) Onion skins ............................................. ............ Gray, light creamy

RUST GROUP:

(18) Pomegranate / Oak bark, grapevine leaves ........ Rusty red

(19) Mint + ...... .................................................. ........... Light greenish, bright COPPER-

VIOLET GROUP:

(20) Blackberries (roots) ....................... ................... PURPLE

Water Lilly & Daffodil flowers

Synthetic dyes

The transition to chemical dyes began in 1834 when a German chemist observed that distilled coal tar or aniline produced a bluish-purple coloration after applying bleaching powder. His discovery helped pave the way for the development of other aniline dyes.

Unfortunately, original aniline dyes made fabrics stiff and dry, and the color faded.

Around 1870, synthetic dyes reached the coastal region of Turkey. They became a popular trade item along the Silk Road and reached the nomadic populations of the Caucasus and Iran.

Particularly in the case of red shades, new aniline dyes proved to be more economical than natural dyes, allowing carpet producers to speed up production and increase demand. These dyes also offered greater control over colors from batch to batch, which was a desirable feature given the belief that Western buyers preferred more evenly dyed carpets.

However, aniline dyes achieved limited success. Village dyers received bags of powdered dye and recipes. Following the recipe was essential for a successful outcome. Unfortunately, most villagers could not read or understand scientific instructions — which were often written in a foreign language — and these villagers were accustomed to measuring by handfuls. Considering these obstacles, proper mixing of colors was nearly impossible.

In 1940, chrome dyes were developed using potassium bicarbonate, allowing for a wide range of rich, durable colors that were safe for wool. Over the years, synthetic dye formulas were created to ensure an interesting palette that natural dyes could not offer.

Synthetic dyes do not cause fiber degradation in carpets, and this issue should be considered in the context of the carpet’s history and the quality of the material used.

Carpet Care Tips

Generally, maintenance is straightforward.

Moderate vacuuming is sufficient. Avoid using a beater brush.

What to do:

• It is recommended to rotate the carpet at least once a year, depending on foot traffic.

• Vacuum regularly to remove dirt and refresh fibers, but be careful not to vacuum the fringes.

• For stains or spills: most liquids can be cleaned with a cloth and warm water without excessive rubbing. If too much water is used, ensure it dries naturally and as quickly as possible.

Using a hairdryer on a low setting can help speed up drying.

• Solid debris should be removed with a blunt knife edge or even a spoon.

• Greasy or oily stains can be cleaned with a neutral shampoo, such as baby shampoo, with cold water. Avoid harsh detergents. Wool carpets are naturally oil-resistant, and detergents can damage the natural oils of the wool.

A good rule of thumb is: if you can use it on hair, you can probably use it on the carpet.

Note: For stubborn stains, we recommend consulting a specialized cleaning product.

• Packing: the carpet should always be rolled and protected with appropriate covering.

• Do not fold the carpet.

General information: Remember that moisture can damage the carpet, so avoid placing plants on it.

Animal urine is also harmful, as it can leave stains if not treated quickly and effectively. It is advisable to immediately rinse with cold water and then use a professional cleaning service.

Please always try to dry the carpet naturally, avoiding direct sunlight.

It is important never to use stain removal products. If oil or grease stains appear on the carpet, you should use talcum powder or a similar agent. Manufacturer information